Thesis Type: Doctorate
Institution Of The Thesis: Van Yüzüncü Yil University, İlahiyat Fakültesi, Temel İslam Bilimleri Bölümü, Turkey
Thesis Supervisor: Abdulbaki Güneş
Approval Date: 2020
Thesis Language: Turkish
Open Archive Collection: AVESIS Open Access Collection
Abstract:
Allah the Almighty granted all prophets miracles attesting their prophecy.
The greatest miracle of Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) is the Qu‟ran. The Qu‟ran is
concise in many aspects as giving news, communication of it by an illiterate prophet,
being an unreachable source of the true path, rhetoric, poetry, array, style, power of
psychological influence, provisions laid down for legislation and referring to many
scientific facts that were discovered later.
The thesis topic is the laconic of the Qu‟ran in terms of scientific tafsir. The
scientific tafsir method started with the emergence of dirayah (opinion based) tafsir.
Because trying to interpret scientific verses with the data of positive sciences is a
kind of jurisprudence and expressing opinion. Yet, the scientific tafsir movement was
incorporated in dirayah tafsirs until it became an independent ecole and sustained its
development. The scientific tafsir understanding was revived with the translation
activities that started in the Abbasid era. As a result of these activities, Islamic
scholars tried to reflect more on the Qu‟ran and understand the scientific verses in
particular and probe their nature. Hundreds of scholars emerged in sciences as
philosophy, physics, chemistry, medicine and astronomy that led to revival and
innovation in the Muslim world and this revival has also been an important factor in
the starting of the scientific tafsir movement. There are many religious, social and
cultural factors that affect the emergence of scientific tafsir. The leading religious
factor is that everything is in the Qu‟ran and all sciences, revealed or to be revealed,
exist in the Qu‟ran. Furthermore, verses in the Qu‟ran concerning astronomy as the
creation, expansion and contraction of the universe, the shape of the earth, its
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rotation, creation of the skies and the earth, movements of the moon and the sun;
concerning geology as the harmony on earth, formation of coal and bringing down of
iron; concerning biology as the water which is the source of life and pollinating
functions of winds; concerning medicine as the creation stages of mankind,
preventive medicine and gynaecology that urge man to reflect and search together
with verses that clearly and indirectly touch natural phenomena and living and nonliving things in the universe are factors that led to the emergence of scientific tafsir.
In many verses of the Qur'an, scientific facts are mentioned and there are
many verses about the earth, sky, stars, mountains, seas, air, water, mankind, birds,
insects, domestic and wild animals. In the earlier periods, the wisdom of these verses
was focused on rather than their nature and formulation of opinions on their
interpretation took over as of the VIIIth century. Qu‟ran having information on
positive science branches led many scholars to tend towards and interpret the Qu‟ran
in this respect. As science and technology progressed, the tendency towards the
Qu‟ran and progress scientifically were at the same extent. The fact that the Qu‟ran
has some information concerning positive science branches does not mean that it is a
science book. The Qu‟ran is a book of true path rather than a science book. Because
the main purpose of the Qu‟ran is to guide mankind.