Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
III. Uluslararası Türkoloji Araştırmaları Sempozyumu, Van, Türkiye, 14 - 15 Ekim 2021, ss.100-101
In this study, the
demographic structure and the change in the educational status of the
population in the city of Van and its surrounding rural neighborhoods in 30
years were examined. The aim of the study is to reveal the demographic
structure and the change in the education level of the population in the city
and its immediate surroundings in a 30-year period. For this purpose, the
population structure and education level of the central district of Van were
revealed from the 1990 and 2000 general population census data by using TUIK
data. In addition, the demographic structure of İpekyolu, Tusba and Edremit
districts and the educational status of the population in these districts were
revealed by using the data of the Address Based Population Registration System
and National Education Statistics for the year 2020. In this way, the change in
the demographic structure and educational status of the city of Van and its
surroundings at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st
century has been determined.
Ipekyolu and Tusba
districts were established with the division of the previous Van central
district, depending on the metropolitan law numbered 6360, which entered into
force in 2013. For this reason, it was thought that it would be beneficial to
use the data of the newly established İpekyolu and Tusba districts, which are
the central districts of the city of Van, and the Edremit district, which is
close to the city, while calculating the demographic structure and educational
status data in 2020.
According to 1990 data,
the population of the central district of Van was 207,870 and 153.111 of this
population lived in the city of Van and 54,759 lived in rural settlements
within the borders of the central district. In other words, approximately 73.7%
of the population in the central district lived in the city of Van, while the
remaining 26.3 lived in rural settlements in the immediate vicinity.
According to 1990 data,
48.4% of the population in the central district of Van consisted of 0-14 age
group, 49.9% was 15-64 age group and 1.8% was 65+ age group. According to 1990
data, the literacy rate in the central district of Van was 65.8%, and 9.3% of
them graduated from secondary school, 10.2% from high school or equivalent, and
3% from higher education institutions.
While the population of
the central district of Van increased to 356,371 in 2000, 43.9% of this
population consisted of children, 53.8% of the population of working age and
2.4% of the elderly population. According to 2000 data, while the rate of
literate people in the central district of Van was 87.6%, 10.4% of them
graduated from primary-secondary school, 12.2% from high school and 4.6% from
higher education institutions.
According to 2020 data,
the population of İpekyolu district is 334,470; The population of Tusba
district was 162,153 and the population of Edremit district was 128,557. In
short, according to 2020 data, there is a population of 625.180 people in the
city of Van and its immediate surroundings, of which 31.8% is children, 64.2%
is of working age and 4% is elderly population. According to the data of 2020,
while the literacy rate of the population in İpekyolu, Tusba and Edremit
districts is 95.3%, 31.9% of those who can read and write in these districts
are secondary school-primary school, 19.4% are high school or equivalent, 13.1%
One of them was a graduate of higher education institution.
As it can be understood
from the data, there have been significant changes in the structure of the
population and educational status in the city of Van and its immediate
surroundings during the 1990-2020 period. In the 30-year period, while the
proportion of child population decreased from 48.4% to 31.8%, the ratio of the
working age population increased from approximately 50% to 64%, and the ratio
of the elderly population increased from 1.8% to 4%. In the same period, the
dependency ratio of the population decreased from 100.5% to 55.8%. Again, in
the 1990-2020 period, the literacy rate in Van city and its immediate
surroundings increased from 65.8% to 95.3%, and in the same period, the rate of
high school graduates among those who could read and write increased from 10.2%
to 19.4%. and the rate of university graduates increased from 3% to 13.1%. When
the education level of the population is examined in the 1990-2020 period, the
literacy rate and the rate of secondary school, high school and university
graduates differ according to gender, and these rates were quite low in the
female population.