Nb2CTx Mxene supported bimetallic metal organic framework composite material for effective removal performance of diclofenac sodium
Diamond and Related Materials, cilt.169, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 169
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.114098
- Dergi Adı: Diamond and Related Materials
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, INSPEC, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Adsorption, Diclofenac sodium, Metal organic framework, Nb2CTxMXene, Response surface methodology
- Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Pharmaceutical compounds such as diclofenac sodium (DCF) cause environmental pollution and, due to the potential risks they pose, necessitate their effective removal from aquatic media. In this study, a niobium carbide-based MXene supported metal organic framework composite (FeCu-BTC/Nb2CTx) was developed for the effective adsorption of DCF. The resulting composite was comprehensively characterized using FTIR, BET, XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS analyses. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to key operational parameters affecting the DCF adsorption and to determine their effects. Influences of operational parameters like pH, DCF concentration (Co), time, and adsorbent dosage on DCF adsorption were studied and optimized via central composite design (CCD) in RSM. The results indicated that the proposed quadratic model achieved strong predictive performance with an R2 value of 0.996. The optimal points were determined at pH of 3.41, Co of 16.28 mg/L, time of 104.69 min, and adsorbent dosage of 0.59 g/L, using CCD-RSM strategy. Under optimized conditions, FeCu-BTC/Nb2CTx exhibited a removal efficiency of 97.73% for DCF. Kinetic analysis revealed that the most suitable model is PSO kinetic model. The isotherms of adsorption were well described by the Langmuir, Redlich-Peterson, and D-R models. The material maintained its effective adsorption performance even after being reused five times. Thermodynamic results confirmed that the DCF removal was spontaneous and exothermic. The results obtained reveal an effective and promising strategy for designing high-performance materials for the removal of pharmaceutical compounds such as DCF from contaminated water.