Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, cilt.174, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
This study investigates the out-of-plane dynamic analysis of lined cylindrical tunnels under the influence of a seismic input induced by inclined SH waves in a visco-elastic half-space. The shape of the tunnel cross-section is taken to be arbitrary in the formulation; the results are presented mainly for the circular case, with some additional results for square tunnels. The computational tool employed in the study consists of two steps. In the first step, a novel and rigorous formulation based on a soil-structure interaction (SSI) model is used to evaluate the response quantities in the Fourier space. In the second step, the results obtained in the frequency space are inverted into the time space via the discrete Fourier transform formulas implemented with the FFT algorithm. Joint deformations are incorporated through the use of a spring model. The seismic input is accurately described with the aid of the impedance relation used in the study eliminating the need to prescribe some artificial boundary conditions on the truncated boundaries of the solution domain, as is typically done in FEM. The results are presented as variations in the lining axial (shear) forces and displacements around the tunnel ring, as well as their variation with the flexibility ratio of the lining, considering cases both with and without joint deformations. Furthermore, some pseudo-static formulas are derived for the out-of-plane analysis of circular tunnels, and their predictions are compared with those of the proposed model.