Effects of Nano-Silicon and Irrigation Regimes on Drought-Responsive Gene Expression in Capsicum annuumat Two Sampling Times


Karataş M. D., Yerli C.

NOTULAE BOTANICAE HORTI AGROBOTANICI CLUJ-NAPOCA, cilt.54, sa.2, ss.1485, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 54 Sayı: 2
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.15835/nbha54214850
  • Dergi Adı: NOTULAE BOTANICAE HORTI AGROBOTANICI CLUJ-NAPOCA
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), East & Central Europe Database (ProQuest), Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biological Science Database (ProQuest), Scopus, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), CAB Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1485
  • Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Deficit  irrigation  is  increasingly  used  to  conserve  water, although  it  may  adversely affect  crop  productivity. Nano-silicon  has  been  investigated  primarily  for  its  morphological and  physiological effects  under  drought stress, while its influence on drought-responsive gene expression in pepper remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the effects of three irrigation regimes (100%, 75%, and 50%) and three nano-silicon doses (0, 50, and 100 ppm) on the expression of CaDREB32, CaLOX1, CaNHX1, and CaP5CSin Capsicum annuumL. Gene expression was determined by RT-qPCR using three biological replicates per treatment, and relative expression was calculated using the 2^−ΔΔCt method. The two sampling times were analyzed and interpreted separately. On day 15, 100 ppm NanoSi resulted in significantly higher CaDREB32expression than the 0 and 50 ppm treatments. CaLOX1expression was significantly affected by irrigation regime, NanoSi dose, and their interaction,   whereas CaP5CSexpression   differed   significantly   amongirrigation   ×   NanoSi   treatment combinations.  No  significant  treatment  effects  were  detected  for CaNHX1.  On  day  30,  no  significant treatment  effects  were  detected  for CaDREB32.  Irrigation  regime,  NanoSi  dose,  and  their  interaction significantly  affected CaLOX1 expression,  with  untreated  plants  showing  higher  expression  than  NanoSi-treated plants. CaNHX1expression was significantly higher under 100 ppm NanoSi than under the 0 and 50 ppm  treatments. CaP5CSexpression  was  significantly  affected  by  irrigation  regime  and  the  irrigation  × NanoSi  interaction,  while  the  main  effect  of  NanoSi  dose  was  not  significant.  Overall,  the  statistically supported  responses  varied  among  genes  and  sampling  times,  and  NanoSi  did  not  exert  a  consistent stimulatory  effect  across  all  genes  or  irrigation  regimes.  These  findings  demonstrate  treatment-associated changes in specific drought-responsive genes but do not alone establish improved drought tolerance.