Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
HEAT TRANSFER RESEARCH, cilt.1, sa.1, ss.1-21, 2026 (SCI-Expanded)
This study evaluated the potential of ammonia-borane (AB) as a fuel additive in internal combustion engines, examining its energy and exergy characteristics in blends with gasoline. The fuel formulations tested included AB10, AB15, and AB20, corresponding to 10%, 15%, and 20% AB by volume, respectively, alongside pure gasoline (G100) for comparison. The energy and exergy analysis revealed that while AB blends increased the overall energy content of the fuel, their efficiency was lower than that of pure gasoline under similar operating conditions. At full engine load, the AB10 blend delivered the highest energy output of 12.99 kW, compared to 10.76 kW for AB15, 8.57 kW for AB20, and 12.19 kW for G100. Despite the higher energy outputs, AB blends exhibited lower energy and exergy efficiencies. At full load, energy efficiencies were 19% for AB10, 18% for AB15, 16% for AB20, and 24% for G100. Similarly, exergy efficiencies at full load were 14%, 13%, and 12% for AB10, AB15, and AB20, respectively, compared to 22% for G100. These results suggest that while AB blends provide higher energy content, they result in increased irreversible losses during combustion, indicating less optimized thermodynamic performance. The study highlights the need for further optimization of blending ratios and combustion strategies to improve the efficiency of AB-based fuels. Additionally, advancements in engine technologies and fuel production processes are essential to fully realize the potential of amine-borane additives for sustainable fuel applications. The findings suggest that while AB fuels hold promise for enhancing energy density, their application in internal combustion engines requires careful consideration of efficiency losses and optimization strategies.