ADVANCED COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGIES IN MARINE DIESEL ENGINES FOR SUSTAINABLE SHIPPING APPLICATIONS
5th INTERNATIONAL AL-JAZARI ENGINEERING SCIENCES CONGRESS, Van, Türkiye, 12 - 14 Haziran 2026, ss.1-20, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
- Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
- Basıldığı Şehir: Van
- Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-20
- Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Marine transportation is one of the most important modes of transport, forming the backbone of global trade and carrying the majority of cargo transported worldwide. However, emissions originating from large-scale marine diesel engines pose significant challenges to the environmental sustainability of the sector. In particular, nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (UHCs), and greenhouse gas emissions have increased the need for cleaner and more efficient power systems in the maritime industry. The emission reduction targets established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and global trends toward sustainable shipping practices have highlighted not only fuel transition strategies but also the importance of advanced combustion technologies capable of managing combustion processes more effectively. In this context, next-generation combustion approaches aimed at overcoming the limitations of conventional diffusion-controlled diesel combustion have emerged as prominent research areas for the future of marine diesel engines. In this study, the major advanced combustion technologies applicable to marine diesel engines are examined from a technical perspective, and their operating principles, performance characteristics, emission behavior, and potential contributions to sustainable shipping applications are comparatively evaluated. The study covers Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI), Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI), Partially Premixed Compression Ignition (PPCI/PCI), Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI), and the widely adopted Dual-Fuel combustion technology. The fundamental combustion mechanisms, mixture formation processes, ignition characteristics, heat release behavior, and in-cylinder combustion control features of each technology are described. In addition, the applicability of these technologies to both two-stroke and four-stroke marine diesel engines is assessed. Studies reported in the literature indicate that low-temperature combustion concepts can contribute to the simultaneous reduction of NOx and PM emissions under suitable operating conditions. Nevertheless, combustion phasing control, expansion of the operating range, and maintenance of stable combustion remain major engineering challenges for technologies such as HCCI and PCCI. The PPCI approach can provide a more balanced relationship between combustion stability and emission performance through controlled ignition delay and a partially premixed combustion structure. RCCI technology, on the other hand, has attracted considerable attention due to its potential to achieve high thermal efficiency and low emissions through the utilization of fuels with different reactivity levels. Dual-fuel systems, which are increasingly adopted in large commercial vessels, offer significant advantages in terms of fuel flexibility, operational applicability, and emission reduction potential. The findings of this study indicate that advanced combustion technologies offer substantial opportunities for reducing emissions and improving energy conversion efficiency in marine diesel engines. However, each technology possesses distinct advantages and limitations. Therefore, rather than relying on a single combustion approach, solutions tailored to engine type, operating conditions, and performance requirements are expected to play a more prominent role in achieving sustainable shipping objectives. By providing a comprehensive technical framework for advanced combustion technologies used in marine diesel engines, this study aims to serve as a valuable reference for future research and engineering developments related to sustainable shipping applications.