Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Energies, cilt.19, sa.6, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
This study investigates the applicability of alternative low-global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant blends in water-source heat pump systems. Binary and ternary refrigerant mixtures were generated using REFPROP 10 to identify suitable candidates. Among 379 novel blends, 18 mixtures with glide temperatures below 10 °C, high critical temperatures, and GWP values lower than 750 were selected for analysis. Thermodynamic analyses were conducted for the selected refrigerants at target water outlet temperatures ranging from 35 to 75 °C, with a heat source temperature of 15 °C and an evaporation temperature of 5 °C. In addition, compressor discharge temperature, volumetric heating capacity, and coefficient of performance (COP) were evaluated. Among the refrigerants, MX1 was recommended for condenser temperatures of 40–80 °C in large-scale heat pump and district heating applications. For refrigerants with GWP values below 150, MX7 exhibited the highest COP and second-law efficiency (ηII) and is therefore suitable for small-capacity systems. In the GWP range of 150–750, MX16 demonstrated the highest COP and ηII values over the entire temperature range. Overall, MX7 achieved the highest COP and ηII among all refrigerants considered, while MX4 emerged as the most favorable mixture in terms of low GWP (below 150) and thermophysical performance.