9th INTERNATIONAL ZEUGMA CONFERENCE ON SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, Gaziantep, Türkiye, 19 - 21 Şubat 2023, ss.142-143
Geranium (Pelargonium quercetorum Agnew) grows naturally in Turkey and makes a significant contribution to biodiversity. Besides of being used as an ornamental plant, geranium is also used as a medicinal plant. In this study, geranium seeds were germinated in in vitro conditions and the parts from the sterile plants were used as explants. Callus formation was achieved in all media and explant types in the established embryogenesis and organogenesis experiments. Two different embryogenic culture experiments and one organogenesis experiment were established in the study. In embryogenic culture experiments using leaves, petioles, cotyledons, cotyledon stems and root collar discs, a high rate of callus formation was observed within 10 days. Statistically significant differences were found between the callus ratios obtained in the trials (p<0.05). In embryogenic culture I, callus formation rates were 100% in root collar discs, 100% in leaves, 98.12% in petioles and 94.18% in cotyledons. The lowest callus formation was obtained from the medium containing 2 mg NAA per litre and the results obtained from the other media were not statistically different. In embryogenic culture II, callus production rate was 91.25% from leaf, 92.25% from cotyledon, 54.25% from petiole and 39% from cotyledon stem. The highest callus production was obtained from the medium containing 1 mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l TDZ, while the lowest production was obtained from the medium containing 2 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l TDZ. In the organogenic culture experiment, 93.75% callus production was obtained from root collar disc, 86.37% from cotyledon, 75% from leaf and 71.25% from petioles and these values were statistically significant. In this experiment, the highest callus ratios were obtained from the media containing 2 mg/l BA + 1 mg/l 2,4-D and 2 mg/l 2iP + 1 mg/l 2,4-D with 100%. The lowest rate was observed in the medium containing 2 mg/l 2iP with 51.25%.